What the soil tests found
6
out of 10
- soil samples, 2023-24 & 2024-25
- 1,974
- nutrients checked in each sample
- 11
This shows what soil in this area tends to be like. Your own field can be different. Get it tested at a soil testing lab before deciding.
Nutrient by nutrient
-
Phosphorus
OkayLow 45% Medium 14% High 41%
4 in 10 soil tests here came out low
If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.
What this means
Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.
Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/haHealthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 45% 14% 41% Moga 36% 18% 46% Punjab 34% 34% 32% India 14% 41% 45% -
Potassium
GoodLow 15% Medium 35% High 50%
1 in 10 soil tests here came out low
What this means
Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.
Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/haHealthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 15% 35% 50% Moga 16% 30% 54% Punjab 63% 23% 14% India 14% 53% 34% -
Organic carbon
OkayLow 31% Medium 30% High 39%
3 in 10 soil tests here came out low
If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.
What this means
Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.
Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 31% 30% 39% Moga 29% 30% 41% Punjab 41% 44% 15% India 48% 28% 23% -
pH
OkayNeutral 56% Alkaline 44%
4 in 10 soil tests here came out alkaline
If your field is alkaline: add compost or farmyard manure. Very alkaline land also needs gypsum; a soil lab works out how much.
What this means
How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.
Acidic Neutral AlkalineMost crops do best at pH 6.5 to 7.5.
Compared with the wider area Place Acidic Neutral Alkaline Here 0% 56% 44% Moga 0% 58% 42% Punjab 1% 91% 9% India 12% 86% 2% -
Salt
OkayNot salty 50% Salty 50%
5 in 10 soil tests here came out salty
If your field is salty: grow crops that take salt, level the field, and wash the salt down with good water before sowing.
What this means
Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.
Not salty SaltyUnder 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.
Compared with the wider area Place Not salty Salty Here 50% 50% Moga 59% 41% Punjab 95% 5% India 96% 4% -
Sulphur
OkayShort 43% Enough 57%
4 in 10 soil tests here came out short
If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.
What this means
Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.
Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 10 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 43% 57% Moga 27% 73% Punjab 13% 87% India 24% 76% -
Zinc
GoodShort 13% Enough 87%
1 in 10 soil tests here came out short
What this means
Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.
Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 13% 87% Moga 6% 94% Punjab 10% 90% India 35% 65% -
Iron
GoodShort 12% Enough 88%
1 in 10 soil tests here came out short
What this means
Keeps young leaves green.
Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 12% 88% Moga 10% 90% Punjab 19% 81% India 24% 76% -
Copper
GoodShort 5% Enough 95%
1 in 10 soil tests here came out short
What this means
Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.
Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 5% 95% Moga 4% 96% Punjab 1% 99% India 5% 95% -
Manganese
OkayShort 33% Enough 67%
3 in 10 soil tests here came out short
If your field is short: spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.
What this means
Helps leaves make food from sunlight.
Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 2 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 33% 67% Moga 32% 68% Punjab 50% 50% India 13% 87% -
Boron
PoorShort 93% Enough 7%
9 in 10 soil tests here came out short
If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.
What this means
Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.
Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 93% 7% Moga 87% 13% Punjab 79% 21% India 45% 55%
Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.
Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2023-24 & 2024-25. 1,974 samples.
Climate in Moga
Rain
About 490 mm of rain a year
In a normal year. A dry year brings about 400 mm.
Temperature
Hottest in May: days about 39 °C, nights 23 °C
Coolest in January: days about 19 °C, nights 6 °C.
Averages for an area about 100 km across; hills and valleys can differ by several degrees.
Source: IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°).