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Your plan for Malerkotla

Kharif Rain only

We checked 55 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

8

out of 10

Soil score

Good

Short in most fields here: potassium and manganese.

Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 484 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 320 mm.

Temperature

Days about 35 °C, nights 26 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (2 nutrients)

  • Potassium

    From 5,551 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 89% Medium 10% High 1%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Manganese

    From 5,551 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 52% Enough 48%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results

  • Phosphorus

    From 5,550 soil tests

    Good

    Low 10% Medium 39% High 51%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less DAP than usual.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 5,550 soil tests

    Good

    Low 19% Medium 72% High 9%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 5,551 soil tests

    Good

    Neutral 96% Alkaline 4%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 5,551 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 5,551 soil tests

    Good

    Short 17% Enough 83%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 5,549 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 5,550 soil tests

    Good

    Short 11% Enough 89%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 5,549 soil tests

    Good

    Short 2% Enough 98%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

Too few tests here to judge nitrogen (3 tests) and boron (5 tests), out of 5,551 soil samples.

Good fit 0

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Nothing fits well this season. Look at the crops below that are possible with effort, or try another season.

Possible, with effort 45

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Cucumber

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.2 lakh–₹1.8 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹29,000–₹89,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 300 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 220 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–32 °C on average, and survives 6–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cucumber: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of potassium, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 83 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 72% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 72% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,500 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,450 2021
    2. ₹1,740 2022
    3. ₹1,780 2023
    4. ₹2,120 2024
    5. ₹2,130 2025

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹92,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Moong (Green Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 74 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹18,000–₹27,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹13,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 200 mm it can use in a normal year, and 110 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 21–36 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Moong (Green Gram): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of potassium.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 6.2–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.7 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 78% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 78% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹7,901 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹8,050 a quintal, the middle of 152 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹9,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,780 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,010 2021
    2. ₹6,130 2022
    3. ₹7,280 2023
    4. ₹7,580 2024
    5. ₹6,880 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.7 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Moth Bean

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹7,000–₹10,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹3,000–₹6,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 280 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 220 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 24–32 °C on average, and survives 13–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Moth Bean: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of potassium.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.2.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 79% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 79% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹9,525 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹9,750 a quintal, the middle of 3 mandis across India (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹5,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,910 2021
    2. ₹6,570 2022
    3. ₹6,320 2023
    4. ₹5,950 2024
    5. ₹6,330 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹4,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Urad (Black Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹12,000–₹17,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹3,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 220 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Urad (Black Gram): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of potassium.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 76% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 76% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹8,113 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹7,850 a quintal, the middle of 172 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹134 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,200 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,930 2021
    2. ₹5,700 2022
    3. ₹7,310 2023
    4. ₹8,230 2024
    5. ₹6,290 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Bajra (Pearl Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹5,000–₹8,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹4,000–₹6,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 220 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of potassium.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.2 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 78% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 78% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,492 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹2,600 a quintal, the middle of 206 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹5,000 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,340 2021
    2. ₹2,010 2022
    3. ₹2,190 2023
    4. ₹2,300 2024
    5. ₹2,270 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Ragi (Finger Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–August) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹12,000–₹18,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹3,000–₹9,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 400 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 290 mm it can use in a normal year, and 150 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 39 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Ragi (Finger Millet): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of potassium.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 72% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 72% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹3,501 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹3,500 a quintal, the middle of 46 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹6,000 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,205 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,260 2021
    2. ₹2,280 2022
    3. ₹2,800 2023
    4. ₹3,300 2024
    5. ₹3,530 2025

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹21,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Maize

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 432 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 4 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 4 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 430 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 260 mm it can use in a normal year, and 140 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 39 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Maize: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of potassium.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 17 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,025 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹2,700 a quintal, the middle of 495 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov).

    Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,320 2024
    2. ₹2,090 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 16 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Tur (Arhar)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 247 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 7 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 7 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 620 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 290 mm it can use in a normal year, and 150 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–38 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 39 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 18 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 11 °C
    • Dec 21 °C / 7 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Tur (Arhar): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of potassium.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.1 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹6,500 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹9,500 a quintal, the middle of 96 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov).

    Minimum support price: ₹8,450 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,740 2021
    2. ₹5,750 2022
    3. ₹8,120 2023
    4. ₹9,380 2024
    5. ₹6,260 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.3 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Cotton

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in May, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (April–May) is over.

    Grown on 247 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 9 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 9 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 750 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 300 mm it can use in a normal year, and 160 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • May 40 °C / 24 °C
    • Jun 39 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 18 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cotton: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of potassium, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.7 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹7,175 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹8,684 a quintal, the middle of 4 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov).

    Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,420 2021
    2. ₹7,000 2023
    3. ₹7,150 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 6.9 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Ash Gourd

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 5 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 490 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 290 mm it can use in a normal year, and 150 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 24–30 °C on average, and survives 12–37 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 39 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 35 °C / 27 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 18 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Ash Gourd: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: nitrogen and boron.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of potassium, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of manganese.

    Likes pH 5.6–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    No yield records for this crop yet.

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹950 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹2,700 a quintal, the middle of 99 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov).

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,030 2021
    2. ₹1,530 2022
    3. ₹1,100 2023
    4. ₹1,450 2024
    5. ₹1,530 2025

    Prices are usually best in February.

    How to make it work

    • Short of potassium Your soil is likely short of potassium.

      Add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

10 crops won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).