Panigan

Village soil report

Most soil here is short of iron.
See which crops suit Panigan

What the soil tests found

8

out of 10

Soil score

Good

Short in most fields here: iron and manganese.

For most crops. How the soil score works

soil samples, 2024-25
40
nutrients checked
12

This shows what soil in this area tends to be like. Your own field can be different. Get it tested at a soil testing lab before deciding.

Nutrient by nutrient

  • Nitrogen

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Low 5% Medium 95%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 5% 95% 0%
    Kokasara 9% 91% 0%
    Kalahandi 41% 58% 2%
    Odisha 70% 28% 2%
    India 65% 29% 6%

  • Phosphorus

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Low 3% Medium 63% High 35%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 3% 63% 35%
    Kokasara 2% 59% 40%
    Kalahandi 1% 77% 22%
    Odisha 22% 46% 32%
    India 13% 41% 45%

  • Potassium

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Low 3% Medium 88% High 10%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 3% 88% 10%
    Kokasara 0% 79% 21%
    Kalahandi 1% 88% 11%
    Odisha 17% 61% 22%
    India 14% 53% 33%

  • Organic carbon

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Low 18% Medium 38% High 45%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 18% 38% 45%
    Kokasara 21% 50% 30%
    Kalahandi 47% 41% 13%
    Odisha 49% 35% 16%
    India 49% 28% 23%

  • pH

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Acidic 8% Neutral 93%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out acidic

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place AcidicNeutralAlkaline
    Here 8% 93% 0%
    Kokasara 13% 86% 0%
    Kalahandi 9% 91% 0%
    Odisha 30% 70% 0%
    India 11% 86% 2%

  • Salt

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place Not saltySalty
    Here 100% 0%
    Kokasara 100% 0%
    Kalahandi 100% 0%
    Odisha 99% 1%
    India 96% 4%

  • Sulphur

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Short 15% Enough 85%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 15% 85%
    Kokasara 22% 78%
    Kalahandi 45% 55%
    Odisha 35% 65%
    India 24% 76%

  • Zinc

    From 40 soil tests

    Good

    Short 18% Enough 83%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 18% 83%
    Kokasara 20% 80%
    Kalahandi 47% 53%
    Odisha 43% 57%
    India 35% 65%

  • Iron

    From 40 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 88% Enough 13%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 88% 13%
    Kokasara 54% 46%
    Kalahandi 48% 52%
    Odisha 13% 87%
    India 24% 76%

  • Copper

    From 40 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 50% Enough 50%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 2 kg of copper sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 50% 50%
    Kokasara 49% 51%
    Kalahandi 22% 78%
    Odisha 11% 89%
    India 5% 95%

  • Manganese

    From 40 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 78% Enough 23%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 78% 23%
    Kokasara 58% 42%
    Kalahandi 30% 70%
    Odisha 13% 87%
    India 12% 88%

  • Boron

    From 39 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 46% Enough 54%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 46% 54%
    Kokasara 37% 63%
    Kalahandi 50% 50%
    Odisha 58% 42%
    India 44% 56%

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2024-25. 40 samples.

Climate in Kalahandi

Rain

About 1,490 mm of rain a year

In a normal year. A dry year brings about 1,280 mm.

Temperature

Hottest in May: days about 37 °C, nights 26 °C

Coolest in December: days about 26 °C, nights 13 °C.

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

Source: IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.