What the soil tests found
8
out of 10
- soil samples, 2023-24 & 2024-25
- 26
- nutrients checked in each sample
- 12
This shows what soil in this area tends to be like. Your own field can be different. Get it tested at a soil testing lab before deciding.
Nutrient by nutrient
-
Nitrogen
OkayLow 38% Medium 62%
4 in 10 soil tests here came out low
If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.
What this means
Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.
Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/haHealthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 38% 62% 0% Hatkanangale 74% 21% 5% Kolhapur 58% 38% 4% Maharashtra 86% 13% 1% India 64% 30% 6% -
Phosphorus
GoodHigh 100%
Most soil tests here came out high
If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less DAP than usual.
What this means
Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.
Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/haHealthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 0% 0% 100% Hatkanangale 1% 6% 92% Kolhapur 1% 8% 91% Maharashtra 22% 53% 25% India 14% 41% 45% -
Potassium
GoodLow 4% Medium 88% High 8%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.
Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/haHealthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 4% 88% 8% Hatkanangale 6% 54% 39% Kolhapur 7% 40% 52% Maharashtra 4% 29% 66% India 14% 53% 34% -
Organic carbon
GoodHigh 100%
Most soil tests here came out high
What this means
Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.
Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 0% 0% 100% Hatkanangale 10% 20% 70% Kolhapur 13% 20% 67% Maharashtra 55% 25% 20% India 48% 28% 23% -
pH
GoodNeutral 100%
Almost every soil test here came out neutral
What this means
How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.
Acidic Neutral AlkalineMost crops do best at pH 6.5 to 7.5.
Compared with the wider area Place Acidic Neutral Alkaline Here 0% 100% 0% Hatkanangale 1% 99% 0% Kolhapur 21% 79% 0% Maharashtra 2% 95% 2% India 12% 86% 2% -
Salt
GoodNot salty 100%
Almost no soil tests here came out salty
What this means
Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.
Not salty SaltyUnder 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.
Compared with the wider area Place Not salty Salty Here 100% 0% Hatkanangale 100% 0% Kolhapur 99% 1% Maharashtra 99% 1% India 96% 4% -
Sulphur
GoodShort 4% Enough 96%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.
Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 10 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 4% 96% Hatkanangale 11% 89% Kolhapur 12% 88% Maharashtra 54% 46% India 24% 76% -
Zinc
PoorShort 96% Enough 4%
Almost every soil test here came out short
If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.
What this means
Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.
Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 96% 4% Hatkanangale 39% 61% Kolhapur 44% 56% Maharashtra 52% 48% India 35% 65% -
Iron
PoorShort 96% Enough 4%
Almost every soil test here came out short
If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.
What this means
Keeps young leaves green.
Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 96% 4% Hatkanangale 28% 72% Kolhapur 39% 61% Maharashtra 59% 41% India 24% 76% -
Copper
GoodEnough 100%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.
Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 0% 100% Hatkanangale 0% 100% Kolhapur 2% 98% Maharashtra 4% 96% India 5% 95% -
Manganese
GoodEnough 100%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Helps leaves make food from sunlight.
Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 2 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 0% 100% Hatkanangale 3% 97% Kolhapur 2% 98% Maharashtra 12% 88% India 13% 87% -
Boron
GoodEnough 100%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.
Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 0% 100% Hatkanangale 4% 96% Kolhapur 13% 87% Maharashtra 45% 55% India 45% 55%
Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.
Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2023-24 & 2024-25. 26 samples.
Climate in Kolhapur
Rain
About 1,310 mm of rain a year
In a normal year. A dry year brings about 1,200 mm.
Temperature
Hottest in April: days about 36°, nights 23°
Coolest in January: days about 31°, nights 17°.
Averages for an area about 100 km across; hills and valleys can differ by several degrees.
Source: IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°).