Kosuru

Nutrient by nutrient

• Nitrogen

  Okay
  Low 25% Medium 75%

  2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

  What this means

  Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

  Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	25%	75%	0%
  Movva	23%	76%	0%
  Krishna	36%	62%	3%
  Andhra Pradesh	73%	24%	3%
  India	64%	30%	6%

• Phosphorus

  Okay
  Low 35% Medium 42% High 23%

  3 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

  What this means

  Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

  Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	35%	42%	23%
  Movva	32%	52%	16%
  Krishna	29%	33%	38%
  Andhra Pradesh	16%	34%	50%
  India	14%	41%	45%

• Potassium

  Good
  Medium 3% High 97%

  Most soil tests here came out high

  If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

  What this means

  Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

  Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	0%	3%	97%
  Movva	2%	7%	91%
  Krishna	7%	10%	83%
  Andhra Pradesh	10%	30%	60%
  India	14%	53%	34%

• Organic carbon

  Okay
  Low 48% Medium 29% High 23%

  5 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

  What this means

  Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

  Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

  Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	48%	29%	23%
  Movva	44%	27%	29%
  Krishna	26%	19%	55%
  Andhra Pradesh	57%	24%	19%
  India	48%	28%	23%

• pH

  Good
  Neutral 99% Alkaline 1%

  Almost every soil test here came out neutral

  What this means

  How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

  Acidic Neutral Alkaline

  In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Acidic	Neutral	Alkaline
  Here	0%	99%	1%
  Movva	0%	100%	0%
  Krishna	0%	98%	2%
  Andhra Pradesh	1%	93%	6%
  India	12%	86%	2%

• Salt

  Okay
  Not salty 74% Salty 26%

  3 in 10 soil tests here came out salty

  If your field is salty: grow crops that take salt, level the field, and wash the salt down with good water before sowing.

  What this means

  Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

  Not salty Salty

  Under 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Not salty	Salty
  Here	74%	26%
  Movva	90%	10%
  Krishna	74%	26%
  Andhra Pradesh	93%	7%
  India	96%	4%

• Sulphur

  Good
  Short 12% Enough 88%

  1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  What this means

  Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

  Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	12%	88%
  Movva	9%	91%
  Krishna	22%	78%
  Andhra Pradesh	15%	85%
  India	24%	76%

• Zinc

  Poor
  Short 75% Enough 25%

  8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

  What this means

  Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

  Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	75%	25%
  Movva	73%	27%
  Krishna	56%	44%
  Andhra Pradesh	38%	62%
  India	35%	65%

• Iron

  Good
  Short 16% Enough 84%

  2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  What this means

  Keeps young leaves green.

  Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	16%	84%
  Movva	36%	64%
  Krishna	48%	52%
  Andhra Pradesh	29%	71%
  India	24%	76%

• Copper

  Good
  Enough 100%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

  Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	0%	100%
  Movva	0%	100%
  Krishna	2%	98%
  Andhra Pradesh	6%	94%
  India	5%	95%

• Manganese

  Poor
  Short 66% Enough 34%

  7 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  If your field is short: spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

  What this means

  Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

  Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	66%	34%
  Movva	36%	64%
  Krishna	23%	77%
  Andhra Pradesh	12%	88%
  India	13%	87%

• Boron

  Good
  Short 19% Enough 81%

  2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  What this means

  Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

  Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	19%	81%
  Movva	16%	84%
  Krishna	8%	92%
  Andhra Pradesh	26%	74%
  India	45%	55%

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Climate in Krishna