Kothalur

Nutrient by nutrient

• Nitrogen

  From 72 soil tests

  Okay
  Low 38% Medium 61% High 1%

  4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

  What this means

  Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

  Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	38%	61%	1%
  Savalyapuram	37%	63%	0%
  Palnadu	62%	34%	3%
  Andhra Pradesh	73%	24%	3%
  India	65%	29%	6%

• Phosphorus

  From 72 soil tests

  Okay
  Low 36% Medium 18% High 46%

  4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

  What this means

  Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

  Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	36%	18%	46%
  Savalyapuram	18%	35%	47%
  Palnadu	19%	38%	43%
  Andhra Pradesh	16%	32%	52%
  India	13%	41%	45%

• Potassium

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Low 3% Medium 6% High 92%

  Most soil tests here came out high

  If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

  What this means

  Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

  Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	3%	6%	92%
  Savalyapuram	3%	15%	81%
  Palnadu	8%	21%	71%
  Andhra Pradesh	10%	30%	60%
  India	14%	53%	33%

• Organic carbon

  From 72 soil tests

  Okay
  Low 39% Medium 11% High 50%

  4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

  What this means

  Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

  Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

  Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	39%	11%	50%
  Savalyapuram	34%	22%	44%
  Palnadu	66%	20%	14%
  Andhra Pradesh	57%	24%	19%
  India	49%	28%	23%

• pH

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Neutral 86% Alkaline 14%

  1 in 10 soil tests here came out alkaline

  What this means

  How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

  Acidic Neutral Alkaline

  In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Acidic	Neutral	Alkaline
  Here	0%	86%	14%
  Savalyapuram	0%	96%	4%
  Palnadu	0%	95%	5%
  Andhra Pradesh	1%	93%	6%
  India	11%	86%	2%

• Salt

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Not salty 99% Salty 1%

  Almost no soil tests here came out salty

  What this means

  Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

  Not salty Salty

  Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Not salty	Salty
  Here	99%	1%
  Savalyapuram	99%	1%
  Palnadu	98%	2%
  Andhra Pradesh	93%	7%
  India	96%	4%

• Sulphur

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Enough 100%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

  Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	0%	100%
  Savalyapuram	0%	100%
  Palnadu	3%	97%
  Andhra Pradesh	15%	85%
  India	24%	76%

• Zinc

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Enough 100%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

  Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	0%	100%
  Savalyapuram	8%	92%
  Palnadu	31%	69%
  Andhra Pradesh	38%	62%
  India	35%	65%

• Iron

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Short 3% Enough 97%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Keeps young leaves green.

  Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	3%	97%
  Savalyapuram	2%	98%
  Palnadu	27%	73%
  Andhra Pradesh	29%	71%
  India	24%	76%

• Copper

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Short 1% Enough 99%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

  Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	1%	99%
  Savalyapuram	0%	100%
  Palnadu	5%	95%
  Andhra Pradesh	6%	94%
  India	5%	95%

• Manganese

  From 72 soil tests

  Good
  Enough 100%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

  Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	0%	100%
  Savalyapuram	0%	100%
  Palnadu	11%	89%
  Andhra Pradesh	12%	88%
  India	12%	88%

• Boron

  From 71 soil tests

  Good
  Short 15% Enough 85%

  2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  What this means

  Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

  Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	15%	85%
  Savalyapuram	15%	85%
  Palnadu	10%	90%
  Andhra Pradesh	26%	74%
  India	44%	56%

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Climate in Palnadu