Sonna

Village soil report

Most soil here is short of manganese.
See which crops suit Sonna

What the soil tests found

8

out of 10

Soil score

Good

Short in most fields here: manganese.

Too alkaline and too salty in most fields here.

For most crops. How the soil score works

soil samples, 2023-24 & 2024-25
43
nutrients checked
12

This shows what soil in this area tends to be like. Your own field can be different. Get it tested at a soil testing lab before deciding.

Nutrient by nutrient

  • Nitrogen

    Good

    Low 5% Medium 5% High 91%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less urea than usual.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 5% 5% 91%
    Hagaribommanahalli 26% 38% 36%
    Vijayanagara 46% 37% 17%
    Karnataka 62% 32% 6%
    India 64% 30% 6%

  • Phosphorus

    Good

    Medium 9% High 91%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less DAP than usual.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 0% 9% 91%
    Hagaribommanahalli 15% 29% 56%
    Vijayanagara 19% 37% 44%
    Karnataka 7% 36% 57%
    India 14% 41% 45%

  • Potassium

    Good

    Low 7% Medium 12% High 81%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 7% 12% 81%
    Hagaribommanahalli 21% 41% 38%
    Vijayanagara 33% 54% 13%
    Karnataka 13% 47% 40%
    India 14% 53% 34%

  • Organic carbon

    Good

    Low 7% High 93%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 7% 0% 93%
    Hagaribommanahalli 6% 16% 78%
    Vijayanagara 25% 31% 44%
    Karnataka 46% 32% 22%
    India 48% 28% 23%

  • pH

    Poor

    Acidic 2% Neutral 21% Alkaline 77%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out alkaline

    If your field is alkaline: add compost or farmyard manure. Very alkaline land also needs gypsum; a soil lab works out how much.

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place AcidicNeutralAlkaline
    Here 2% 21% 77%
    Hagaribommanahalli 21% 62% 17%
    Vijayanagara 11% 76% 13%
    Karnataka 7% 90% 3%
    India 12% 86% 2%

  • Salt

    Poor

    Not salty 19% Salty 81%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out salty

    If your field is salty: grow crops that take salt, level the field, and wash the salt down with good water before sowing.

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place Not saltySalty
    Here 19% 81%
    Hagaribommanahalli 51% 49%
    Vijayanagara 76% 24%
    Karnataka 91% 9%
    India 96% 4%

  • Sulphur

    Good

    Short 2% Enough 98%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 2% 98%
    Hagaribommanahalli 51% 49%
    Vijayanagara 66% 34%
    Karnataka 31% 69%
    India 24% 76%

  • Zinc

    Good

    Short 5% Enough 95%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 5% 95%
    Hagaribommanahalli 12% 88%
    Vijayanagara 40% 60%
    Karnataka 57% 43%
    India 35% 65%

  • Iron

    Good

    Short 12% Enough 88%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 12% 88%
    Hagaribommanahalli 50% 50%
    Vijayanagara 56% 44%
    Karnataka 52% 48%
    India 24% 76%

  • Copper

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    Hagaribommanahalli 1% 99%
    Vijayanagara 2% 98%
    Karnataka 5% 95%
    India 5% 95%

  • Manganese

    Poor

    Short 77% Enough 23%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 77% 23%
    Hagaribommanahalli 22% 78%
    Vijayanagara 20% 80%
    Karnataka 14% 86%
    India 13% 87%

  • Boron

    Good

    Short 16% Enough 84%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 16% 84%
    Hagaribommanahalli 40% 60%
    Vijayanagara 55% 45%
    Karnataka 55% 45%
    India 45% 55%

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2023-24 & 2024-25. 43 samples.

Climate in Vijayanagara

Rain

About 620 mm of rain a year

In a normal year. A dry year brings about 480 mm.

Temperature

Hottest in April: days about 37 °C, nights 24 °C

Coolest in December: days about 30 °C, nights 17 °C.

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

Source: IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.