What the soil tests found
7
out of 10
Soil score
OkayShort in most fields here: potassium, sulphur, zinc, iron and boron.
For most crops. How the soil score works
- soil samples, 2023-24
- 12
- nutrients checked in each sample
- 12
This shows what soil in this area tends to be like. Your own field can be different. Get it tested at a soil testing lab before deciding.
Nutrient by nutrient
-
Nitrogen
GoodMedium 67% High 33%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.
Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/haHealthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 0% 67% 33% Kudligi 74% 15% 10% Vijayanagara 46% 37% 17% Karnataka 62% 32% 6% India 64% 30% 6% -
Phosphorus
GoodLow 8% Medium 50% High 42%
1 in 10 soil tests here came out low
What this means
Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.
Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/haHealthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 8% 50% 42% Kudligi 3% 26% 71% Vijayanagara 19% 37% 44% Karnataka 7% 36% 57% India 14% 41% 45% -
Potassium
PoorLow 58% Medium 33% High 8%
6 in 10 soil tests here came out low
If your field is low: add about a quarter more potash (MOP) than the usual dose.
What this means
Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.
Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/haHealthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 58% 33% 8% Kudligi 28% 66% 5% Vijayanagara 33% 54% 13% Karnataka 13% 47% 40% India 14% 53% 34% -
Organic carbon
GoodMedium 8% High 92%
Most soil tests here came out high
What this means
Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.
Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Low Medium High Here 0% 8% 92% Kudligi 39% 27% 34% Vijayanagara 25% 31% 44% Karnataka 46% 32% 22% India 48% 28% 23% -
pH
GoodAcidic 17% Neutral 83%
2 in 10 soil tests here came out acidic
What this means
How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.
Acidic Neutral AlkalineMost crops do best at pH 6.5 to 7.5.
Compared with the wider area Place Acidic Neutral Alkaline Here 17% 83% 0% Kudligi 17% 75% 7% Vijayanagara 11% 76% 13% Karnataka 7% 90% 3% India 12% 86% 2% -
Salt
GoodNot salty 100%
Almost no soil tests here came out salty
What this means
Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.
Not salty SaltyUnder 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.
Compared with the wider area Place Not salty Salty Here 100% 0% Kudligi 61% 39% Vijayanagara 76% 24% Karnataka 91% 9% India 96% 4% -
Sulphur
PoorShort 58% Enough 42%
6 in 10 soil tests here came out short
If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.
What this means
Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.
Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 10 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 58% 42% Kudligi 85% 15% Vijayanagara 66% 34% Karnataka 31% 69% India 24% 76% -
Zinc
PoorShort 75% Enough 25%
8 in 10 soil tests here came out short
If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.
What this means
Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.
Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 75% 25% Kudligi 33% 67% Vijayanagara 40% 60% Karnataka 57% 43% India 35% 65% -
Iron
PoorShort 75% Enough 25%
8 in 10 soil tests here came out short
If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.
What this means
Keeps young leaves green.
Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 75% 25% Kudligi 74% 26% Vijayanagara 56% 44% Karnataka 52% 48% India 24% 76% -
Copper
GoodEnough 100%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.
Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 0% 100% Kudligi 2% 98% Vijayanagara 2% 98% Karnataka 5% 95% India 5% 95% -
Manganese
GoodEnough 100%
Almost every soil test here had enough
What this means
Helps leaves make food from sunlight.
Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 2 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 0% 100% Kudligi 39% 61% Vijayanagara 20% 80% Karnataka 14% 86% India 13% 87% -
Boron
PoorShort 83% Enough 17%
8 in 10 soil tests here came out short
If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.
What this means
Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.
Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or moreHealthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.
Compared with the wider area Place Short Enough Here 83% 17% Kudligi 36% 64% Vijayanagara 55% 45% Karnataka 55% 45% India 45% 55%
Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.
Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2023-24. 12 samples.
Climate in Vijayanagara
Rain
About 620 mm of rain a year
In a normal year. A dry year brings about 480 mm.
Temperature
Hottest in April: days about 37 °C, nights 24 °C
Coolest in December: days about 30 °C, nights 17 °C.
Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.
Source: IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.