Parcem (Ct)

Nutrient by nutrient

• Nitrogen

  Okay
  Low 40% Medium 37% High 23%

  4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

  What this means

  Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

  Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	40%	37%	23%
  Pernem	27%	22%	51%
  North Goa	36%	24%	40%
  Goa	29%	48%	22%
  India	64%	30%	6%

• Phosphorus

  Poor
  Low 59% Medium 21% High 21%

  6 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

  What this means

  Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

  Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	59%	21%	21%
  Pernem	39%	14%	47%
  North Goa	36%	18%	47%
  Goa	50%	19%	31%
  India	14%	41%	45%

• Potassium

  Good
  Low 2% Medium 88% High 10%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

  Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

  Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	2%	88%	10%
  Pernem	10%	44%	46%
  North Goa	23%	42%	35%
  Goa	26%	38%	36%
  India	14%	53%	34%

• Organic carbon

  Okay
  Low 20% Medium 7% High 73%

  2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

  If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

  What this means

  Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

  Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

  Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Low	Medium	High
  Here	20%	7%	73%
  Pernem	20%	5%	76%
  North Goa	27%	5%	68%
  Goa	17%	7%	76%
  India	48%	28%	23%

• pH

  Good
  Acidic 10% Neutral 90%

  1 in 10 soil tests here came out acidic

  What this means

  How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

  Acidic Neutral Alkaline

  In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Acidic	Neutral	Alkaline
  Here	10%	90%	0%
  Pernem	42%	58%	0%
  North Goa	59%	41%	0%
  Goa	54%	46%	0%
  India	12%	86%	2%

• Salt

  Good
  Not salty 100%

  Almost no soil tests here came out salty

  What this means

  Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

  Not salty Salty

  Under 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Not salty	Salty
  Here	100%	0%
  Pernem	99%	1%
  North Goa	89%	11%
  Goa	92%	8%
  India	96%	4%

• Sulphur

  Okay
  Short 47% Enough 53%

  5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

  What this means

  Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

  Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	47%	53%
  Pernem	45%	55%
  North Goa	58%	42%
  Goa	53%	47%
  India	24%	76%

• Zinc

  Poor
  Short 57% Enough 43%

  6 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

  What this means

  Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

  Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	57%	43%
  Pernem	52%	48%
  North Goa	42%	58%
  Goa	30%	70%
  India	35%	65%

• Iron

  Okay
  Short 22% Enough 78%

  2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

  What this means

  Keeps young leaves green.

  Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	22%	78%
  Pernem	5%	95%
  North Goa	3%	97%
  Goa	3%	97%
  India	24%	76%

• Copper

  Good
  Short 12% Enough 88%

  1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  What this means

  Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

  Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	12%	88%
  Pernem	9%	91%
  North Goa	4%	96%
  Goa	3%	97%
  India	5%	95%

• Manganese

  Good
  Short 3% Enough 97%

  Almost every soil test here had enough

  What this means

  Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

  Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	3%	97%
  Pernem	3%	97%
  North Goa	8%	92%
  Goa	7%	93%
  India	13%	87%

• Boron

  Poor
  Short 84% Enough 16%

  8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

  If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

  What this means

  Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

  Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

  Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

  Compared with the wider area

  Place	Short	Enough
  Here	84%	16%
  Pernem	65%	35%
  North Goa	44%	56%
  Goa	41%	59%
  India	45%	55%

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Climate in North Goa