Tawang

Many samples here are low in organic carbon. Ragi (Finger Millet) and small millets cover the most farmland.
Plan a farm here Crops that suit it
Soil score
9/10
Good for most crops
Rain
1,800 mm
a year, most of it Apr⁠–⁠Sep
Temperature
10°–32°
Hottest in August, coolest nights in January
Main crop
Ragi (Finger Millet)
1,305 ha sown

Soil

What soil tests across the district found, nutrient by nutrient.

9

out of 10

Soil score

Good

Short in most fields here: pH.

For most crops. How the soil score works

This shows what soil in this area tends to be like. Your own field can be different. Get it tested at a soil testing lab before deciding.

  • Nitrogen

    Good

    Medium 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 0% 100% 0%
    Arunachal Pradesh 12% 74% 14%
    India 64% 30% 6%

  • Phosphorus

    Good

    Medium 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 0% 100% 0%
    Arunachal Pradesh 11% 67% 22%
    India 14% 41% 45%

  • Potassium

    Good

    Medium 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 0% 100% 0%
    Arunachal Pradesh 20% 65% 15%
    India 14% 53% 34%

  • Organic carbon

    Okay

    Low 36% Medium 64%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 36% 64% 0%
    Arunachal Pradesh 18% 47% 35%
    India 48% 28% 23%

  • pH

    Poor

    Acidic 90% Neutral 10%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out acidic

    If your field is acidic: add agricultural lime before sowing. A soil lab works out how much your field needs.

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    Most crops do best at pH 6.5 to 7.5.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place AcidicNeutralAlkaline
    Here 90% 10% 0%
    Arunachal Pradesh 51% 49% 0%
    India 12% 86% 2%

  • Salt

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place Not saltySalty
    Here 100% 0%
    Arunachal Pradesh 97% 3%
    India 96% 4%

  • Sulphur

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    Arunachal Pradesh 23% 77%
    India 24% 76%

  • Zinc

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    Arunachal Pradesh 9% 91%
    India 35% 65%

  • Iron

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    Arunachal Pradesh 12% 88%
    India 24% 76%

  • Copper

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    Arunachal Pradesh 5% 95%
    India 5% 95%

  • Manganese

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    Arunachal Pradesh 17% 83%
    India 13% 87%

  • Boron

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    Arunachal Pradesh 23% 77%
    India 45% 55%

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2023-24 & 2024-25. 2,561 samples.

Climate

Rain and temperature through the year, from 24 years of weather records.

Rain

About 1,800 mm of rain a year

In a normal year. A dry year brings about 1,430 mm.

Temperature

Hottest in August: days about 32°, nights 25°

Coolest in January: days about 23°, nights 10°.

Averages for an area about 100 km across; hills and valleys can differ by several degrees.

Source: IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°).

Crops that suit Tawang

Judged on the soil, rain and temperature here, whether or not they're grown here now. Best bets first: what each could earn an acre before costs, with risky crops moved down.

What grows here

Each crop's share of the district's farmland in recent years, with its yield. Tap a crop to see it across India.

Yield against other districts

Ragi (Finger Millet)

Yield is better than 58% of districts growing it.

Small Millets

Yield is better than 82% of districts growing it.

Wheat

Yield is better than 19% of districts growing it.

1.2 1.2 1.2
2023-24 2024-25
Latest 1.2 t/ha in 2024-25

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2017-18 to 2024-25.

Compared with similar soil

What this district harvests, next to districts whose soil tests look alike.

Ragi (Finger Millet)

Here 1.2 t/ha
Similar soil 0.8 t/ha

Districts with similar soil typically get 0.8 t/ha of ragi (finger millet); here it's 1.2 t/ha.

Small Millets

Here 1.1 t/ha
Similar soil 0.9 t/ha

Districts with similar soil typically get 0.9 t/ha of small millets; here it's 1.1 t/ha.

Wheat

Here 1.8 t/ha
Similar soil 1.9 t/ha

Districts with similar soil typically get 1.9 t/ha of wheat; here it's 1.8 t/ha.

Yields also depend on water, weather, seeds and farming practice, not only soil.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).

Who farms here

Farms
4,661
Average farm size
1.0 ha
Young farmers (18–30)
5%
Farmers with secondary school or more
5%
Farmland that is irrigated
13%
Farmers who took a bank or co-op loan
2%
Farmers who had their soil tested
45%
Farmers using certified seed
67%
Drip or sprinkler sets per 1,000 farms
0

Source: Agricultural Input Survey (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2016-17.

Districts with similar soil

Places whose soil tests look most like this district's, and what they grow.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).

Blocks in this district

Open a block for its soil report and the villages in it.