Paschim Medinipur

Most soil here is short of boron. Rice and potato cover the most farmland.
Soil score
7/10
Okay for most crops
Rain
1,560 mm
a year, most of it May⁠–⁠Oct
Temperature
13°–36°
Hottest in April, coolest nights in January
Main crop
Rice
5.9 lakh ha sown

Soil

What soil tests across the district found, nutrient by nutrient.

7

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: pH, sulphur and boron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

This shows what soil in this area tends to be like. Your own field can be different. Get it tested at a soil testing lab before deciding.

  • Nitrogen

    Okay

    Low 49% Medium 39% High 13%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 49% 39% 13%
    West Bengal 39% 58% 3%
    India 64% 30% 6%
  • Phosphorus

    Okay

    Low 21% Medium 36% High 43%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 21% 36% 43%
    West Bengal 7% 21% 72%
    India 14% 41% 45%
  • Potassium

    Good

    Low 10% Medium 45% High 45%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 10% 45% 45%
    West Bengal 14% 54% 32%
    India 14% 53% 34%
  • Organic carbon

    Good

    Low 19% Medium 42% High 39%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place LowMediumHigh
    Here 19% 42% 39%
    West Bengal 25% 41% 33%
    India 48% 28% 23%
  • pH

    Poor

    Acidic 62% Neutral 38%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out acidic

    If your field is acidic: add agricultural lime before sowing. A soil lab works out how much your field needs.

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    Most crops do best at pH 6.5 to 7.5.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place AcidicNeutralAlkaline
    Here 62% 38% 0%
    West Bengal 27% 73% 0%
    India 12% 86% 2%
  • Salt

    Good

    Not salty 94% Salty 6%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Above 4 harms most crops.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place Not saltySalty
    Here 94% 6%
    West Bengal 95% 5%
    India 96% 4%
  • Sulphur

    Poor

    Short 55% Enough 45%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 55% 45%
    West Bengal 37% 63%
    India 24% 76%
  • Zinc

    Good

    Short 20% Enough 80%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 20% 80%
    West Bengal 25% 75%
    India 35% 65%
  • Iron

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    West Bengal 1% 99%
    India 24% 76%
  • Copper

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    West Bengal 2% 98%
    India 5% 95%
  • Manganese

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 0% 100%
    West Bengal 12% 88%
    India 13% 87%
  • Boron

    Poor

    Short 77% Enough 23%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

    Compared with the wider area
    Place ShortEnough
    Here 77% 23%
    West Bengal 62% 38%
    India 45% 55%

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2023-24 & 2024-25. 46,683 samples.

Climate

Rain and temperature through the year, from 24 years of weather records.

Rain

About 1,560 mm of rain a year

In a normal year. A dry year brings about 1,290 mm.

Temperature

Hottest in April: days about 36°, nights 25°

Coolest in January: days about 25°, nights 13°.

Averages for an area about 100 km across; hills and valleys can differ by several degrees.

Source: IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°).

Crops that suit Paschim Medinipur

Judged on the soil, rain and temperature here, whether or not they're grown here now. Best bets first: what each could earn an acre before costs, with risky crops moved down.

Working out which crops suit Paschim Medinipur…

What grows here

Main crops by area, with yield per hectare. Tap a crop to see it across India.

Yield against other districts

Rice

Yield is better than 71% of districts growing it.

Potato

Yield is better than 77% of districts growing it.

Sesame (Til)

Yield is better than 96% of districts growing it.

2.0 2.7 3.3
1997-98 2024-25
Latest 2.6 t/ha in 2024-25

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2018-19 to 2024-25.

Compared with similar soil

What this district harvests, next to districts whose soil tests look alike.

Rice

Here 3.0 t/ha
Similar soil 2.8 t/ha

Districts with similar soil typically get 2.8 t/ha of rice; here it's 3.0 t/ha.

Potato

Here 26.2 t/ha
Similar soil 15.4 t/ha

Districts with similar soil typically get 15.4 t/ha of potato; here it's 26.2 t/ha.

Sesame (Til)

Here 0.9 t/ha
Similar soil 0.8 t/ha

Districts with similar soil typically get 0.8 t/ha of sesame (til); here it's 0.9 t/ha.

Yields also depend on water, weather, seeds and farming practice, not only soil.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).

Who farms here

Farms
5,90,315
Average farm size
0.7 ha
Young farmers (18–30)
5%
Farmers with secondary school or more
30%
Farmland that is irrigated
78%
Farmers who took a bank or co-op loan
36%
Farmers who had their soil tested
2%
Farmers using certified seed
46%
Drip or sprinkler sets per 1,000 farms
0

Source: Agricultural Input Survey (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2016-17.

Districts with similar soil

Places whose soil tests look most like this district's, and what they grow.

Blocks in this district

Open a block for its soil report and the villages in it.